by Benjamin M. Compaine and Douglas Gomery
Tables and Figures
Tables
1.1: Newspaper Shipments and GDP, Selected Years, 1960-1995
1.2: Newspaper Advertising as Percent of Total Advertising, Selected
Years, 1935-1997
1.3: Daily Newspaper Circulation in the U.S., Selected Years, 1920-1998
1.4: Weekly Newspapers Circulation Growth, Selected Years, 1985-1998
1.5: Newspaper Employment Compared to Total U.S. Civilian Employment,
Selected Years, 1985-1997
1.6: Revenue and Profit for Publicly Owned Newspaper-Owning Firms, 1997
1.7: Median Return on Revenues, Selected Fortune 1000 Industries, 1997
1.8 Share of Total Dollar Shipments by Largest Firms in Publishing
Industries, Selected Years, 1947-1992
1.9: Number of Cities with Daily Newspapers and Competing Daily
Newspapers, Selected Years, 1923-1996
1.10: Cities with Competing English-Language Newspapers, 1997
1.11: Percentage of Total Daily Circulation Accounted for by Largest and
Smallest Newspapers, Selected Years, 1923-1996
1.12: Number of Daily Newspaper Groups and Dailies They Publish, Selected
Years,
1910-1996
1.13: Newspaper Circulation by Selected Group Owners, Selected Years
1946-1996
1.14: Distribution by Number of Newspapers in Groups, 1996
1.15: Largest Newspaper Publishing Firms, by Circulation, 1980 and 1998
1.16: Largest Newspaper Groups, by Number of Daily Newspapers in Group,
1996
1:17: A Sampling of Mergers and Acquisitions in the Daily Newspaper
Industry
1.18: Diversification of Newspaper Publishers, by Revenue Source, 1996
1.19: Diversification of Newspaper Publishers, 1980 and 1996
1.20: Television Holdings of Largest Newspaper Publishers, 1998
2.1: The Official U.S. Government Count: Number of Book Publishing
Companies, Selected Years 1977-1992
2.2: The Official U.S. Government Count: Number of Employees,
Establishments, and Value of Shipments, 1963-1992
2.3: Writing and Selling: Examples Promotional Campaigns, 1997
2.4: Total Book Sales, 1989-1999
2.5: The Official U.S. Government Count: United States Book New Title
Output: 1992, 1994
2.6: Trade Book Unit Sales, 1990-1997
2.7: Unit Sales of Educational Books, 1990-1997
2.8: Consumer Spending on Trade Books Adult and Children
2.9: Unit Sales of Professional Books
2.10: Publishers' Sales of Professional Books, 1990-1997
2.11: Estimated Book Sales 1994-1998
2.12: Average Trade Book Prices
2.13: Rare Look at Publishers' Estimated Pre-Tax Margins by Category of
Book Titles
2.14: Eleven Largest Book Publishing Firms in the United States, 1993
2.15: Largest Book Publishers for U.S. Market, 1998
2.16: Pearson PLC's Purchase of Viacom's Educational, Professional and
Reference Publishing, 1998
2.17: Public University Presses
2.18: Private University Presses
2.19: U.S. Bookstore Sales 1990-1996
2.20: Sales and Store Counts of Superstores, 1991-96
2.21: Growth of Major Bookstore Chains 1991-1996
2.22: Representative Publisher Web Sites, 1999
3.1: Value of Periodical Shipments Compared to Gross Domestic Product,
Selected Years, 1960 to 1995
3.2: Circulation of All A.B.C. General and Farm Magazines in the United
States, Selected Years, 1950-1997
3.3: Number of Periodicals by Frequency, Selected Years 1950-1997
3.4: Advertising Expenditures in Magazines, Selected Years, 1935-1997
3.5 General Magazine Advertising Revenue and Pages Compared with GNP,
Selected Years, 1945-1997
3.6: Selected Characteristics of Group-Owned and Independently Published
Magazines
3.7: 50 Largest Circulation Consumer Magazines and Their Owners, 1997
3.8: Largest Magazine Groups by Number of Periodicals, 1997
3.9: Largest Magazine Publishers in the U.S., by Circulation, 1997
3.10: Largest Magazine Publishers in the U.S., by Revenue, 1997
3.11: Circulation Size of Consumer Magazine Groups, 1980 and 1997
3.12: Selected Magazines Introduced in 1997
3.13: Outcome of 70 Consumer Magazine Start-Ups from 1969-1980
3.14: 10 Largest Magazine Sales of 1997
4.1: Homes By Number of TV Channels Able To Receive
4.2: Broadcast Revenues of Media Largest Companies, 1995-1997
4.3: Television's Volume of Advertising
4.4: Average Weekly Television Viewing, Select Years, 1950-1997
4.5: Major Cable MSO Ownership in National Video Programming Services,
1998
4.6: Top 25 Media Companies By Cable TV Revenues
4.7: Top 10 Broadcast Television Shows By Advertising Rates in 1997
4.8: Cost of 30 Second Equivalent National Advertisement: Syndicated TV
Shows, 1996
4.9: The Top Advertisers on Cable Television, 1995-1997
4.10: Trends in TV Advertising Revenues
4.11: National Cable TV Networks By Type of Service, 1990-1998
4.12: Location of the Top 20 TV Markets, 1995
4.13: Top 25 Station Groups
4.14: Parent Companies of the Leading Broadcast Television Operations,
1997
4.15: Rank Order of Important Minor Television Broadcasting Companies
4.16: Cable TV Fees, 1990-1997
4.17: Growth of Cable TV Franchises
4.18: The Top 20 Cable Networks and Their Owners, 1998
4.19: Top 10 Programming Services by Subscribership & Ownership
4.20: Parent Companies of the Top Cable Television Operations
4.21: Television as Part of Global Top Media Corporations
4.22: Top MSOs and Households Reached, 1997
4.23: Ranked Order of Important Minor MSOs
4.24: The Top DBS Companies
5.1: The Slow Rise of AM & Rapid Rise of FM, Selected Years,
1970-1997
5.2: Number of United States Radio Stations by Format, Selected Years,
1989-1996
5.3: Radio's Share of Advertising, 1990-1998
5.4: Radio's History of Advertising Revenues, 1981-1996
5.5: Shares of Radio Listening, By AM vs FM & by Location
5.6: Top 10 Media Companies by Radio Revenue, 1995 - 1997
5.7: The 10 Top Radio Groups Ranked by Revenue, 1998
5.8: Top 10 Media Companies by Radio Revenues, 1996 and 1997
5.9: The 25 Top Media Groups and their Radio Holdings, 1997
5.10: CBS Radio Stations --1997
5.11: Clear Chanel Communications Radio Stations --1997
5.12: Jacor Radio Stations -- 1997
5.13: Disney/ABC Radio Stations -- 1997
5.14: The Top Ten Best Selling Newly Recorded Albums of 1996
5.15: Demand for Recordings, 1990-1997
5.16: Value of Recordings Shipped, 1990-1996
5.17: Shares of Recorded Music: Unit Sales by Age Group, 1990-1996
5.18: Shares of Recorded Music: Unit Sales by Outlet, 1990-1996
5.19: Shares of Recorded Music: Unit Sales by Genre, 1990-1996
5.20: Music as Part of Global Top Media Corporations
5.21: Manufacturing and Distribution Cost of CD, 1996
6.1: MPAA Average Negative Cost
6.2: Domestic Theatrical Movie Industry Profile, 1990-1996
6.3: Domestic Box-Office Market Shares -- 1997
6.4: All-Time Top 25 Films at U. S. Box-Offices
6.5: Total Releases: All Hollywood Movie Companies, 1990-1996
6.6: Movie Distributor Revenues
6.7: Film as Part of the Global Top 50 Media Corporations, 1996
6.8: Domestic Box-Office Market Shares, 1993-1998
6.9: Largest Theater Chains, 1998
6.10: Motion Picture Screens, 1990-1998
6.11: Pay Cable Services
6.12: Pay per View Households and Spending, Cab le TV Only 1990-1996
6.13: Pay-Per-View Households and Spending, 1993-1996
6.14: The Video Market, 1960-1998
6.16: Pay Now and Pay Later: Theatrical Box Office, Video Rental and Video
Sales
6.16: All-Time Top 10 Video Rentals and Sales as of 1996
6.17: Profile of Home Video Market, 1990-1998
6.18: Home Video Rentals, 1990-1997
7.1: Largest ISPs in the U.S., 1998
7.2: Monthly and Capital Cost of Traditional Media, 1998
7.3: Capital and Operational Costs for Consumer Internet Access, 1999
7.4: Search for "Des Moines" in Yahoo!, February 4, 1999
7.5: Most Visited Web Sites, September 1999
7.6: Most Visited Domains and Owners, September 1999
7.7: Most Visited News Sites 1999 and 1998
7.8: Revenue of Selected Online Players, 1996-1998
7.9: Softbank Holdings Internet Investments, 1999
7.10: Examples of Media Company Investments in Online Sites, 1999
7.11: Comparison of Financial Indicators of Selected Media and Internet
Companies, 1999
8.1: Leading Firms in One or More Media Segments, 1998
8.2: Comparison of Holdings of Selected Media Companies, 1980 and 1998
8.3: Additions and Subtractions from Largest Media Company Lists, 1980 and
1998
8.4: Corporate Structure and Control of Major Media Organizations, 1998
8.5: Largest Stockholders of Selected Media Companies, 1998
8.6: Major Institutional Holders of Media Companies, 1998
10.1: Revenues of the Media and Information Industry, Selected Years,
1987-1996
10.2: Matrix for Criteria for Determining Media Competition or
Concentration
10.3: HHI for Book Publishing, 1989-1994
10.4: Revenue Share and HHI of Largest Broadcasters, 1994-1997
10.5: Media Revenue of Largest Media Companies, 1986 and 1997
Figures
1.1 Percentage of Circulation Accounted for by Largest Newspapers
1.2 Changes in Percentage and Number of Group-Owned Dailies and in Group
Circulation, Selected Years, 1910-1996
1.3a Illustrative Manufactured Product Costs
1.3b Illustrative Newspaper Production Costs
1.4 "Umbrella Model" of Newspaper Competition
3.1 Advertising and Circulation Revenue, 1981-1997
3.2 Concentration Ratios for Periodical Publishing
3.3: Year Started for Consumer Magazines Still Published in 1998
4.1: Advertising Expenditures on Television, by Category, Selected Years, 1980-1997
7.1: Market Share of Connections by Internet Backbone Providers, 1998
7.2: Cost of Televisaion Sets, Selected years, 1950-1998
7.3: Cost of MIPS, 1990-1998
7.4: Online Advertising Expenditures, Projected to 2002
10.1: The Information Business Map, 1999